Francisco Castañeda
Tuesday, November 11, 2008
The potential entry of a state-controlled pension fund manager into Chile's private pension system could have positive effects for affiliates but also bring risks, Universidad de Santiago economist Francisco Castañeda told BNamericas.When approving a major pension reform bill in January, congress rejected the idea of letting banks offer the mandatory pension accounts to the public.
However, the Chilean government has said it plans to send a bill to congress this month to create a state-run AFP that could be linked to the country's only state bank BancoEstado. Today, only the AFPs (pension fund managers) are allowed to offer mandatory pension accounts to the public and all Chile's five AFPs are owned by private-sector companies.
As expected, the existing AFPs are firmly against the entry of a state-run player and in July this year the local pension regulator said any AFP created under the wing of BancoEstado would have to comply with the same regulations as today's AFPs.
Although banks are not allowed to offer the mandatory pension accounts, several of the Chile's AFPs are owned by international banking groups that by law run them separately from their banking business.
Castañeda said the entry of a state-run pension fund manager through state bank BancoEstado would be positive for the AFP system because it would create more competition and benefit affiliates both in terms of price and choice.
BancoEstado has played an important role in Chile's banking market - especially for low-income individuals and small businesses - and could do the same in the pension market, he said.
However, the way a state-run AFP would enter the market is not clear and it depends on what lawmakers decide. Having to start a new AFP from zero would imply a significant investment for the government and would eliminate the large economies of scale that BancoEstado could reap from selling pension accounts at its bank branches, said Castañeda.
However, allowing BancoEstado - or other banks - to operate AFPs through bank branches would pose a big risk to the Chinese wall that should exist between the banking and the pension businesses, he said.
Castañeda called for the implementation of very strict rules with large fines against mixing those two business areas if banks like BancoEstado are allowed to let their future AFPs use existing bank branches. The sale of long-term pension accounts together with short-term consumer loans in "package offerings" would be the worst possible outcome and must be avoided at all costs, the economist concluded.
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